Goldman Cardiac Risk Index in Non Cardiac Surgery

Criteria	Points	Goldman Classification Total Points Class I    0-5 points      1% complications Class II   6-12 points    7% complications Class III  13-25 points 14% complications Class IV  >25 points    78% complications
History ·         Age > 70 y ·         Myocardial infarction within 6 months	5 10
Physical examination ·         S3 gallop or jugular venous distention ·         Significant aortic stenosis	11 3
Electrocardiogram ·         Rhythm other than sinus or premature atrial contractions ·         > 5 PVC’s per minute	7 7
Poor general medical status PO2 < 60 or PCO2 > 50 or K< 3.0 or HCO3 < 20 or BUN >17.8 or  Creatinine > 3, elevated SGOT or Chronic liver disease or Bedridden for noncardiac causes	3
Operation ·         Intraperitoneal, intrathoracic, or aortic procedure ·         Emergency surgery	3 4

References:

1.     Goldman L, Caldera DL, Nussbaum SR, et. al. Multifactorial index of cardiac risk in noncardiac surgical procedures. N. Engl J Med. 297:845, 1977

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